Macrocycle, Mesocycle and Microcycle Defined

The three nested time-frames coaches use to plan training: a macrocycle is the year, a mesocycle is ~4 weeks, a microcycle is one week.

Key takeaways

  • Plan top-down, deliver bottom-up
  • Macro = year, Meso = ~4 weeks, Micro = 1 week
  • Every mesocycle should end with a deload
  • Use a periodisation planner to keep alignment

Definitions

Macrocycle: 6–12 months of planning toward a goal (season, peak event, body composition target).

Mesocycle: 3–6 weeks focused on a specific quality (hypertrophy, strength, peak).

Microcycle: 1 week — the day-to-day session split.

Working backwards

Plan top-down: macrocycle goal → mesocycle blocks that develop the goal → microcycle structure that fits each mesocycle.

Build bottom-up: deliver one excellent week (microcycle) → string four into a meaningful block → string blocks into the year.